The Catalan giants turned to the former Manchester City forward after their efforts to sign Atletico Madrid striker Julian Alvarez failed.
Barcelona confirmed the transfer on Tuesday, announcing that an agreement had been reached with Arsenal for the 29-year-old forward.
Spanish media reports indicate that Barcelona paid approximately €10 million ($11.5 million) for the Brazilian international.
Jesus is expected to provide additional attacking options for the Spanish champions following the departures of Robert Lewandowski and Ferran Torres earlier in the summer.
Barcelona had reportedly made Alvarez their preferred target during the transfer window but could not convince Atletico Madrid to enter negotiations for the Argentina international.
The arrival of Jesus therefore provides Barcelona with an alternative as they strengthen their squad ahead of the new season.
